In Russia they will create a 50-qubit quantum computer

The Foundation for Advanced Studies of Moscow State University, VEB and a number of other Russian organizations formed a consortium whose goal is to develop a quantum computer consisting of not less than 50 qubits, the press service of "VEB Innovations" says. While Western scientists have already demonstrated installations with more than 50 qubits, Russian specialists have so far created only single qubits. But soon it will change.

"The Foundation for Advanced Research, Vnesheconombank, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, VEB Innovations Company and ANO Digital Economy signed an agreement during the Russian Investment Forum on the implementation of a scientific and technical project to create a multicubital quantum computer," the report said. .

There are several types of quantum computers. Universal quantum systems are capable of performing any quantum algorithms. In quantum simulators, quantum objects mimic the behavior of real systems. However, the complexity of permissible calculations in all cases depends on the number of qubits (quantum bits) involved in these systems. Unlike ordinary bits, a qubit can be in a superposition of several states, which allows the simultaneous execution of many computational tasks on the quantum computing level. Some experts believe that systems with 50 qubits in operation can already cope with tasks that even the most powerful modern supercomputers pass before.

And yet, while quantum computers have an advantage over the classical only in a limited range of applications. For example, when working with quantum algorithms that can many times accelerate the decomposition of numbers into prime factors (the Shor algorithm), the search for the roots of Boolean functions (Grover's algorithm), and so on. In addition, quantum computers can effectively predict the behavior of real quantum systems, for example, molecules or electrons in crystals.

To date, international teams have created quantum simulators based on 53 qubits and 50-qubit universal quantum computers. In both cases, it is important that on the basis of which physical objects qubits are built. The two most popular directions are superconducting Josephson junctions and cold atoms and ions. For example, a record-breaking 53-kbit computer is built on the basis of ytterbium ions, and in universal computers superconducting systems are more often used.

As for the future Russian development, then, as indicated in the agreement signed by the Foundation for Advanced Studies, the Moscow State University named after MV Lomonosov, Vnesheconombank, VEB Innovations and ANO Digital Economy, it will be created on the basis of the Russian Investment Forum. photonic chips and neutral atoms. The system is planned to be used for the production of new materials and pharmaceuticals. When specifically the specialists start to create a computer, and who will finance this development, the document does not specify.

The article is based on materials https://hi-news.ru/technology/v-rossii-sozdadut-50-kubitnyj-kvantovyj-kompyuter.html.